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Trends to Universalism in Emerging Welfare States

Africa
Asia
Europe (Central and Eastern)
Comparative Politics
Latin America
Social Policy
Developing World Politics
Welfare State
Manuel Sánchez De Dios
Universidad Complutense de Madrid
Manuel Sánchez De Dios
Universidad Complutense de Madrid

Abstract

The study of the Emergent Welfare States (EWS) is becoming more and more relevant in the field of comparative politics. Ii is a fact that in all regions of the world there is a development of the social policy and as a result a formation of a basic Welfare Sate. It is more advanced in countries with emerging economies. Some questions are necessary to answered about the EWS: why some countries managed to develop a social policy while others have big problems to do it? What type of social policy are developing the EWS? What level of universalism of social welfare can reach in developing countries? The hypothesis of the paper is that in the XXI century there has been an incremental process of WS building at a global scale and some countries have reached an institutional structure similar the one of the mature WS of developed countries. However it is clear that there are big differences among EWS when we compare them in a regional basis. So the aim of the paper is to participate in the debate about characteristics and degree of development of social policy in the EWS of Asia, Africa, Latin America and the post-communist countries trying to understand the main challenges they face.