Dignity, Human Rights and Citizenship

The notion of human dignity has acquired increased significance in philosophy, politics and everyday life. It is now an important part of the constitution of many states and the United Nations documents suggest it is regarded as the justification of human rights. As noted in the literature, however, the notion seems to be the object of two contradictory claims. On the one hand, it is regarded as a value inherent in human beings; on the other hand, however, it is often justified by reference to Kant. Yet, on some accounts, Kant's requirement to respect others cannot be justified by reference to a foundation value. If human dignity is to continue to play the crucial role it plays today, then the status of the notion of human dignity must be clarified, particularly its normative relation to human rights and citizenship rights. This paper is designed to clarify the aspects of the notion of human dignity.