K'U'X: Justice, Reparation, and the Political Voice of Indigenous Women in Guatemala

This paper investigates how transitional justice and domestic judicial processes in Guatemala have addressed the crimes of the armed conflict, focusing on cases of sexual violence (Ixil Genocide, Sepur Zarco, Achí Women). The sentences have shown that sexual violence was not an isolated act, but a systematic and deliberate military strategy and a weapon of war used to subdue, control, and destroy the social fabric, disproportionately affecting Indigenous women due to the intersection of racism, patriarchy, and colonialism. These resolutions are framed within Transformative Transitional Justice by proposing a set of policies and measures that seek not only truth, justice, and reparation but also to ensure that the underlying circumstances are not repeated. The objective of this work is to evaluate the coherence and effectiveness of the guarantees of non-repetition in promoting the political participation of women. It will analyze how these measures — both indirect and direct — seek to transform the conditions that allowed the violence, reduce the historical factors that limited women's security and freedom, and strengthen their capacities for effective participation in the public and political life of Guatemala.