Ireland and the UK

British-Irish relations were rocked by the decision of the UK to leave the EU in June 2016 and subsequently by the negotiations when the border on the island of Ireland emerged as one of the most difficult issues to resolve in the negotiations. This paper analyses the impact of Brexit on British-Irish relations during the negotiations but more particularly in the period after the UK’s exit. Addressing the impact of Brexit on Northern Ireland was challenging right up to agreement on the Winsor Framework in February 2023. The arrival in Government of Kier Starmer in 2024 offered an opportunity for a reset of British-Irish relations that seeks to establish a framework for relations between the two islands in the aftermath of Brexit.