Dimensions of populism and varieties of radical left and populist voters in France and Spain

Among the rise of radical left and radical left populist parties in Europe, the cases of Podemos and La France insoumise (LFI) stand out. They not only have been two of the most electorally successful contemporary radical left groups but they have very often been mentioned as exemplary cases of left-wing or inclusionary populism as well. Both organizations have however experienced a complex evolution since their origins that has modified the way in which they present themselves to the electorate (with changing electoral agreements with different parties). This paper intends to analyze the attitudes of voters in France and Spain assessing how and to what degree Podemos and LFI voters display populist attitudes, and how the different dimensions that can be distinguished within populism and within populist attitudes are displayed by current voters of these two organizations.