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This panel explores how governments and political parties look at DI, of which we still know rather little. The positions parties take on DI have hardly been researched which is surprising given their representative function and how they inform governmental policy. In turn, governments are the actors which ultimately make decisions on whether a state decides in an EU policy or not, and whilst there is abundant literature on specific policies in which DI exist such the Euro or Schengen, this literature normally focuses on the policy or on decision-making processes, rather than on its differentiated character and how governments or states relate to the increasingly differentiated EU. Looking at both, we will also address how national identities shape discourses of DI, and at whether they are more or less important than partisan differences.
Title | Details |
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Party actors’ views on differentiated integration | View Paper Details |
Parties’ positions toward Differentiated Integration in the EU: The Visegrad Group in a Comparative Perspective | View Paper Details |
EU Member States’ positions on differentiated integration. What do governments say they want? | View Paper Details |
How Does Identity Relate to Attitudes towards Differentiation? The Cases of France, Germany, Czech Republic and Turkey | View Paper Details |