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Towards Postliberal Democracy? Comparing Contemporary Trends in the Transformation of Latin American Democracies

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Hans-Jürgen Puhle
Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität Frankfurt
Jonas Wolff
PRIF – Peace Research Institute Frankfurt
Ingrid Wehr
Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg

Abstract

During the 1980s and 1990s, political development in Latin America was mostly regarded (with only a few exceptions) as following a linear path towards consolidated liberal democracies - democratic regimes, that is, whose shape to come was well-known and ultimately predetermined: "constitutional, representative, individualistic, voluntaristic, privatistic, functionally limited political democracy as practiced within nation states" (Schmitter). By 2010 the offer seems to have become broader: Keywords like 'participatory democracy', 'quality of democracy', 'democratic innovation', 'collective rights', 'indigenous self-government', and 'empowerment' , on the one hand, or the 'return of the developmental state', 'refoundation', 'nationalization', or even 'socialism', on the other, suggest that contemporary processes of political change in the region, heterogeneous as they may be, deviate at least partially from the established liberal path. The panel will take a comparative look at these complex processes of democratic transformations. Do we witness a trend towards postliberal democracy - or is it rather preliberal or the well-known illiberal facets of the respective political regimes (often classified as 'defective democracies') that are strengthened?

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