The Politics of Nuclear Energy in Europe and Beyond

Abstract

Nuclear energy is a highly controversial technology, but at the same time perceived by many actors as a crucial component of decarbonisation strategies. The panel explores different political problems related to, on the one hand nuclear energy expansion in some countries, on the other hand phasing out existing nuclear power plants in other. It analyses the position of nuclear energy within countries’ energy mixes and the connection of this energy source to other types of energy, especially renewables. Considered to be carbon-free, nuclear power is considered by many to contribute to fulfilment of climate change goals as agreed on at the international level as well as within the EU. Strong positions towards nuclear energy after the 2011 accident in Fukushima significantly influenced future of this type of energy source within the EU but also worldwide. Applying comparative methodology, this panel looks at energy policy responses of different countries to this accident. At the EU level, not all member states pursue energy policies rejecting nuclear power; especially Central and Eastern European members still view nuclear power as an important part of their energy mixes. The panel therefore explores sources of such support and looks at the region also from historic perspective studying the relations between the EU and these countries in connection to nuclear energy since the 1990s when they applied for the membership in the Community.