European relations with emerging powers serve as an example of complex external energy relations driven by controversial norms and interests. We can find both liberal orientations in favour of a market-oriented approach towards external energy governance, and security-based approaches focusing on secure access under the conditions of scarcity and concurrence. While these governance arrangements may intensify international cooperation, we can also witness that the third possible orientation – a governance arrangement based on the sustainability norm – runs the risk of being underplayed. We seek to address, compare and analyse governance arrangements between the EU and Emerging Powers with a view on challenges and opportunities for normative orders that allow a sustainable and secure governance of scarce energy resources. We therefore "map" four bilateral energy dialogues, followed by a comparison of the respective governance arrangements, normative interpretations and actors’ mutual perceptions, and recommendations for an EU-BICS energy transition.
