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Internet Penetration and Voting Advice Applications

Matthew Wall
Swansea University
Matthew Wall
Swansea University
Ioannis Andreadis
Aristotle University of Thessaloniki
André Krouwel
Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam

Abstract

VAAs have been used successfully in many European countries for more than a decade. Before analysing data of any European VAA, we first need to understand the profile of the Internet users in the European Union. In this paper we try to provide some answers to the question if the sample is representative of the total population of website visitors. We do this using data from the Greek Voting Advice Application HelpMeVote (Andreadis, 2013) and Kieskompass. We run a cross-national comparative analysis of VAA users in order to examine if the observed differences of the sample bias can be explained by the differences of the Internet populations among countries.