This paper aims to highlight the growing importance of the environment, and natural resources in particular, in international relations — since it touches security and economics, two fields of major importance to the state — as well as the emergence of a new global order (or disorder) founded on the challenges presented by environmental issues. It also seeks to underline the role of the discipline of International Relations in studying the complexity of the twenty-first century international system, focusing on the multidimensionality of global environmental issues, in order to stress the importance of the discipline in building paths for cooperation and consequently promoting a concerted world