Iris Young identifies two models of responsibility: “the liability model”, which is backward-looking and holds specific agents liable to remedy particular wrongdoings; and the “social connection model” which enjoins all those connected to injustice to share forward-looking responsibility for change. I argue we should use both models simultaneously in relation to historic injustice through an analysis of CARICOM’s reparations claim. The liability model pinpoints appropriate agents for paying reparations which redistribute resources, as well as providing recognition for the harm done, thus restoring relations of respect. The social connection model explains why those who lose out from reparations should support them, and shows how all those connected to the injustice bear responsibility for change. Using only one model will have nefarious results: the liability model lets too many agents off the hook; the social connection model allows agents who ought to be held to account to evade their reparative responsibilities.
