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Young, Educated and Eurosceptic? On Public Attitudes to the EU in Poland

Europe (Central and Eastern)
Elections
European Union
Nationalism
Populism
Qualitative

Abstract

Attitudes of the European societies towards the EU are a fundamental factor in the analysis of Europe’s future. In this context, it is especially important to analyse the undercurrent euroscepticism of the societies that are most pro-European, at least on the declarative level. Also, the existing debate on euroscepticism has largely been focused on the “old Europe”, where the discontent with the “Big Bang” enlargement of 2004-2007 has been one of the principle causes of the rise of euroscepticism. Yet, euroscepticism is doing well also in the “New Europe”, but its causes and ideological manifestations are often different than in Old Member States. Poland has been one of the successes of the EU enlargements, with its booming economy and largely euroenthusiastic society. Yet, the recent presidential elections were won by a Eurosceptical candidate and earlier the EP elections also turned in a team of Eurosceptic MEPs. While in the recent parliamentary elections bright a landslide victory to a Eurosceptical party and also secured parliamentary seats to a populist anti-system and Eurosceptic newcomer. These electoral victories were unproportionally down to the Polish youth’s voting behaviour. The present study is an attempt to analyse the motivations behind Eurosceptic stance of young Poles as well as to shed some light on the reasons behind this situation. The anaysis is based on quantitative as well as original qualitative data.