Nationalism in Bosnia and Herzegovina had prevailed in the last decade of the 20th century. Notwithstanding that nationalism is a political principle, a sentimental assumption or an ideology, Nationalism is considered as a phenomenon as well. In contradiction with the rest five republics of Yugoslavia, Bosna i Hercegovina (BiH) had approximately in terms of power three equally self-defined ethnic groups. The term Balkanization is today invoked to explain the disintegration of some multiethnic states and their devolution into dictatorship, ethnic cleansing, and civil war. The theory of Consociationalism was developed on the basis of achieving reconciliation in societal fragmentation along ethnic and religious lines. Reconciliation itself is sine qua non for accomplishing a lasting peace, security and stability in these cases, towards a final Conflict Resolution. The international imposition of a Consociational democracy in BiH and the support given to the multi-ethnic parties and/or coalitions alongside a strong discouragement against ethno-nationalist parties caused the contrary. Conversely, back to the state electoral level, an evinced three-multi-ethnic party including candidates with Bosniak or Serbian or Croat origin is expected to restrain nationalism in tolerable levels.
