Intersecting Hate: Gender, Migration, and the Far-Right’s Remigration Discourse in the European Union

In recent years, the literature focusing on gender and politics within the EU has turned its attention to the growing anti-feminist and anti-gender backlash brought about by far-right actors. At the same time, migration governance has seen a progressive politicization and often figures, together with gender-based issues, among the topics antagonized by the far right. This paper brings together these developments and the respective literatures studying them and analyses how they intertwine. It does so by applying the framework of intersectionality of hate (Dupuis-Déri, 2024). The latter is built on the original concept of intersectionality popularized by Kimberlee Crenshaw (2015) but reverses it, becoming a potential tool for understanding the convergence of multiple sources of oppression. The framework is applied in the case of “remigration”, a term originated within the extreme right and now sanitised, institutionalised, and popularised by radical right parties, as the first Remigration Summit held in Milan in May 2025 shows. Remigration describes de facto programs for forced repatriation of migrants within the EU and is described as “essentially a non-violent form of ethnic cleansing” (Davey & Julia Ebner, 2019, p. 6). It was born as a political solution to the fear of a presumed ethnic replacement, spread by the conspiracy theory of the Great Replacement, popular among extreme right supporters. According to this theory, the European (white) population is being replaced by non-white people through massive immigration and multicultural initiatives engineered by globalist (Jewish) elites. The Great Replacement positions the white people between two threats: immigration from outside and the white birth rate’s decline from inside due to the spread of feminism and non-heteronormative habits (Wilson, 2022). We expect that remigration-related discourse mirrors this same combination of exclusionary attitudes. Thus, throughout a qualitative analysis of the Remigration Summit social network channels, the paper aims to uncover how different categories of hate intertwine and construct the narratives around this new concept, and particularly its connection to patriarchal and white suprematist perspectives.