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Haitian Kindness Beyond Stereotypes: Subaltern Masculinities, Cultural Tensions, and Knowledge Circulation in Brazil

Integration
National Identity
Social Justice
Immigration
Race
Realism
Ethol Exime
Aalborg Universitet
Ethol Exime
Aalborg Universitet

Abstract

This study investigated the characteristics of masculinity among Haitian immigrants in Brazil, unveiling challenges and cultural tensions within broader systems of social stratification. It focused on two objectives: first, to analytically dissect the practice of masculinity among Haitian migrant men in the Brazilian context, consolidating the concept of ‘Haitian Kindness’ not merely as a cultural expression, but as a strategic response to racialized and class-based exclusion, particularly within urban labor markets and in Brazilian perceptions of Black foreign men. Second, to explore the epistemological dimension of how these cultural practices of masculinity and kindness challenge hegemonic models and contribute to the mobility of knowledge from the Global South, offering alternative grammars of social dignity and recognition. A mixed-methods approach with 65 participants was used, applying inferential and content analysis. The theory of subaltern realism and intersectionality was rigorously applied to substantiate the concept of Subaltern Masculinity. The results reveal the pivotal role of ‘Haitian kindness’ in understanding Haitian masculinity, characterized by values such as respect for the elders, honor, and courtesy. Approximately 65% of the experiences reported are positive, indicating a complex reception of Haitian kindness. Yet, this kindness is frequently misinterpreted and weaponized, with 25 to 30% of reports pointing to situations of rejection by Brazilians, mainly women, who interpret kindness as invasive, flirtatious, or harassment. The need for social integration and cultural literacy actions that must be aligned with public policies was revealed, and the deeper epistemic need for knowledge systems in the South is defended. Cultural barriers, rooted in stratification, must be broken down through Global South knowledge mobility to promote interculturality. This research positions Haitian Kindness as a viable analytical tool for understanding subaltern masculinities and reimagining intercultural dynamics