Mapping the Intersectionality of Hate: A Comparative Analysis of Right-Wing Parties’ Communication in Spain, France, Germany, and Italy

This paper presents an empirical validation of the analytical framework of the intersectionality of hate. This framework conceptualises far-right ideology through an intersectional lens, interpreting its exclusionary narratives and practices as the interlocking expression of white and male supremacy. Building on this approach, the study examines how various right-wing parties and movements incorporate these intersecting dimensions of hate into their formal and informal political communication. The analysis covers radical- and extreme-right actors in Spain, France, Germany, and Italy, comparing them with centre-right ones. Empirically, the paper relies on a multi-source corpus (Telegram, YouTube, and official party documents). Methodologically, it applies a hybrid classification pipeline that combines dictionary-based scoring with Latent Semantic Analysis to capture both explicit and semantically latent category signals. This work aims to provide preliminary evidence that the intersectionality of hate can be operationalised and applied across multiple languages and contexts, revealing patterns of far-right discourse that privilege white male dominance. As an exploratory contribution, the study offers both an academic test of a novel analytical framework and a lens for understanding how far-right communication mainstreams, spreads, and normalises intersecting forms of exclusion and discrimination.