Externalisation of EU Migration Policies in a Model of Concentric Circles and Reflections on (Dis)Integration of the EU and EU-Turkey Relations in the Syrian Refugee Crisis

The migration governance of the EU has been affected both from internal dynamics of Europeanisation and global developments such as 9/11 events in the USA. The terrorist attacks in Paris will be vastly affecting the evolution of internal and external migration policies of the EU and strengthen migration-security nexus in this process. The dynamics of Europeanisation and securitization has resulted in the development of a model of concentric circles in the external migration policies of the EU. The EU externalized its control-oriented migration policies and applied different types of conditionality for different groups of countries such as candidate countries, European Neighbourhood Policy countries and countries such as USA and China. Relations with Turkey which takes its place as a candidate country in this Model gained momentum in the recent Syrian refugee crisis. Turkey as a country transforming into a country of immigration and transit currently hosts around 2 million Syrian refugees and is also a transit route for Syrian refugees seeking for better living conditions in Europe. The Syrian refugee crisis one of the most challenging crises affecting both the EU and Turkey and requires an effective crisis management with sustainable results. This paper handles the (dis)integration of the EU with regard to the Syrian refugee crisis and analyses the impact of this crisis in the external migration governance of the EU with particular emphasis on Turkey as a transit country via the model of concentric circles.