NGO Cooperation in Differentiated Times: Drivers of Scandinavian-UK Environmental Network Ties

Abstract The proliferation of transnational environmental networks, especially after the mid-2000s, increased not only the number of Environmental NGOs (ENGOs) operating in partnerships but also the number of inter-organisational ties between them. However, endogenous and exogenous challenges to the European’s Union political order (including Brexit) raises questions regarding the robustness and durability of in-between relations amongst ENGOs partners given the potential fragmentation that these challenges may instigate in the long run. With a focus on UK and Scandinavian ENGOs currently working on climate and biodiversity-related issues, this paper highlights some drivers that are influencing the formation of inter-organisational network ties in the post-Brexit era. The paper draws insights from a multi-theoretical framework and adopts mixed-method Social Network Analysis (MMSNA) to analyse an estimate of 40 surveys and 25 semi-structured interviews with stakeholders operating as part of an international partnership of nature conservation organisations across the UK, Denmark, Sweden, and Norway. A preliminary analysis of this original dataset suggests that homophily, social exchange theory, cognitive theory, and social identity theory are associated with explaining the influence on ties formation and interorganisational links amongst ENGOs. Although individuals working within these organisations have varying perceptions on the degree of influence for each factor, geographical proximity, issue priorities, and common discourse are amongst the most salient in driving formation of ties and in-between cooperation. The focus on transnational environmental networks also suggests that ENGOs can have a more proactive role in promoting polycentric governance approaches in differentiated times. NB: This abstract is targetted towards Panel 7: Organisational and Social Movement Networks. However, if deemed suitable for an alternative Panel, I am happy to present.