Beyond Protests: Multi-Faceted Feminist Strategies Against Poland's Anti-Gender Backlash

This paper offers a critical examination of feminist activism in Poland, a movement with deep roots dating back to the late 19th century. The focus is on the intensified struggle against the restrictive reproductive rights and gender policies, especially following the 1993 'abortion compromise'. This period marks a pivotal chapter in Poland's history, setting the stage for an ongoing contestation over women's rights and gender equality. The 2015 ascendancy of the conservative Law and Justice party created a crucial turning point, bolstering anti-gender ideologies and spurring feminist groups into action. While public protests like the 2016 Black Protest and the 2020 response to the abortion law ruling are well-known, this presentation aims to spotlight the breadth [wide variety] of feminist strategies that extend far beyond these demonstrations. It highlights how feminist activists have innovatively adapted and diversified their tactics in the face of increasing anti-gender sentiments. Central to this discussion is the variety of methods employed by feminist activists in Poland. These include grassroots mobilization, educational initiatives, digital activism, legal advocacy, and coalition-building, showcasing a comprehensive resistance framework against the anti-gender agenda. These tactics reflect a strategic evolution, adapting to the changing political climate and seeking to effectuate meaningful social and legislative changes. The study employs a blend of qualitative methodologies, including Content Frame Analysis of feminist and anti-gender narratives, and interviews with key activists and political figures. The analysis is supported with the use of Discourse Network Analysis, offering a systematic mapping of the interaction dynamics between feminist groups and their opponents. This approach not only provides empirical insights but also illustrates the complexity of feminist responses in contemporary Poland. The presentation concludes by assessing the impact and potential of these diverse feminist strategies. It invites a reflection on the future of feminist activism in Poland, underscoring its relevance and lessons for global feminist movements.