Customizing GPT for gender equality in judicial decision-making: opportunities and ethical challenges

The integration of advanced AI tools, such as Generative Pre-trained Transformers (GPT), into judicial systems represents a significant shift in addressing systemic challenges. In Argentina, constitutional mandates require the inclusion of a gender perspective in jurisprudence. However, achieving this goal remains challenging due to inconsistent criteria and structural barriers. This paper explores the potential of customizing GPT-based tools to assist judicial operators in incorporating a gender perspective into rulings. It focuses on "GenerizAR," a prototype assistant designed to identify biases, suggest relevant jurisprudence and law, and propose arguments aligned with equality principles. The analysis considers the transformative potential of GPT technology to enhance judicial consistency and efficiency. Particular attention is given to its ability to generate tailored prompts addressing gender issues. Ethical challenges, such as data protection, algorithmic bias, and limitations of automation in contexts requiring human oversight, are examined. Additionally, the paper outlines a roadmap for the development and deployment of AI tools in the judiciary, emphasizing regulatory frameworks, continuous training, and iterative improvement processes. Preliminary testing of GenerizAR reveals its capacity to streamline judicial processes and reduce dependency on individual expertise. However, certain vulnerabilities, such as susceptibility to adversarial inputs and risks of reinforcing structural inequalities, are also identified. These findings underscore the necessity of implementing GPT technology as a complementary aid rather than a substitute for judicial reasoning. This paper contributes to the growing literature on AI applications in political science and legal studies by presenting a detailed case study and offering policy recommendations for the ethical and responsible deployment of AI in sensitive domains like the judiciary. By addressing technical and normative aspects of AI customization, it highlights the importance of interdisciplinary approaches to maximize AI’s potential while safeguarding equity and justice.