In recent years natural scientists with backgrounds in physics, mathematics, computer science and biology have begun to model warfare in new ways. Two common influences on these new approaches have been the pioneering work of Lewis Fry Richardson and complex systems literature. (The website http://mathematicsofwar.com/ links to much, but far from all, of this new literature.) This paper will make a first attempt to survey these new approaches and to think through the future of the literature. We plan to fill two main gaps. First, we will distill the essence of some rather technical papers to make them accessible to a wide audience that will include social scientists. Second we will pull together lots of work that is currently scattered across many places so that isolated researchers can better appreciate how they fit into a larger emerging research field.
