The "choice" to self-exclude: The only way left for Indian Muslims?

In contemporary India, Muslims constitute the largest religious minority, yet find themselves on the margins of society. This study delves into the experiences of Muslims who, in the face of marginalization, have resorted to forced self-exclusion as a coping mechanism for their mental well-being. The pervasive neglect by the state and media has contributed to a sense of insignificance among the majority of Muslims, perpetuating a communal environment rife with negative propaganda and hatred. Despite facing planned massacres, the mental suffering of this community largely remains beneath the radar of societal concern. The study sheds light on the continuous and unarticulated crises faced by vast numbers of Muslims who find themselves devoid of any recourse for relief. In this polarized atmosphere, it appears that maintaining sanity is contingent upon self-imposed isolation—a strategy that renders them passive citizens and bystanders in their own lives. The apparent choice for many Muslims lies in silencing themselves, becoming invisible, or opting for self-exclusion as a means of survival. Drawing on ethnographic methods, this research provides a nuanced account of the mental suffering experienced by Muslims engaged in forced self-exclusion. Through in-depth interviews conducted in urban settlements, the study uncovers not only the struggles but also the adaptive behaviours exhibited by this community. One notable adaptive behaviour is the ability to introvert and focus on skill-building as a means of preserving mental well-being in the face of socio-political disturbances. The findings of this study challenge prevailing narratives of victimhood by highlighting the resilience and agency displayed by Muslims in India. Despite their challenges, many individuals within this community have turned inward, utilizing self-exclusion as a strategy for navigating the tumultuous external environment. This adaptive behaviour, rather than being a passive response to oppression, serves as a proactive measure to maintain mental equilibrium and confront prevailing socio-political disruptions. By documenting the experiences and coping mechanisms of Muslims in India, this study contributes to a deeper understanding of the complex interplay between marginalization, mental well-being, and adaptive behaviours. It emphasizes the need for a more comprehensive and empathetic approach to address the challenges faced by this marginalized community, offering insights that extend beyond conventional narratives and stereotypes. Ultimately, this research contributes to a more informed and nuanced discourse on the mental health of Muslims in India and facilitates the development of interventions that acknowledge their agency and resilience.